Caracteritzar levolució de la flexibilitat al llarg duna temporada esportiva en un grup de 15 joves gimnastes masculins.
Mètodes.La temporada es va dividir en tres períodes: general, específic i competitiu. Es van agrupar les proves segons: a) extremitats inferiors (espagat lateral i frontal, elevació lateral i frontal de la cama); b) extremitats superiors (gir despatlles amb bastó en anteversió i retroversió); c) proves multiarticulars (pont dorsal i flexió de tronc assegut). Es van mesurar una sèrie de distàncies lineals i de dades antropomètriques que es van introduir en la formulació trigonomètrica per al càlcul indirecte de cadascun dels angles articulars.
ResultatsConclusions:
The aim of the present study was to characterise the evolution of flexibility during a complete gymnastics season in a group of 15 young male gymnasts.
MethodsThe gymnastics season was divided into three periods: general, specific and competitive. Tests were grouped according to: a) lower limbs (side and front splits, side and front leg raises), b) upper limbs (shoulder dislocation with a stick: anteversion and retroversion), and c) multi-joint testing (back bridge and adapted sit and reach test). A series of linear distances and anthropometric measures were introduced into the trigonometric formulae for indirect estimation of joint angles.
ResultsWhile the passive range of motion of the lower limbs improved between the last two periods of the season, active expression did not do so at any time during the season. The extension of the shoulder quickly and progressively improved throughout the season. However, the flexion of the shoulder only occurred in the first two periods. The adapted sit and reach test worsened the range of motion during the competitive period. The back bridge showed no significant changes throughout the season.
ConclusionsFlexibility progresses throughout the gymnastics season, based on different rates of adaptation, depending on the anatomical region analysed (lower limbs, upper limbs, or multi-joint testing) and the expression of flexibility developed (passive or active).
