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Development and implementation of a combined assessment system of exercise, dietand psychological variables in female university students
Desarrollo y aplicación de un sistema de evaluación combinada de ejercicio físico, de alimentacióny de variables psicológicas en jóvenes universitarias
Judit Boneta, Eva Parradoa, Anabel Barahonaa, Llu?s Capdevilaa
a Laboratorio de Psicología del Deporte, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
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        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStylePara"> Introducci&#243;n&#58; La obesidad es un problema importante de salud en los pa&#237;ses desarrollados&#46; Es necesario el dise&#241;o de sistemas de evaluaci&#243;n que permitan valorar de forma combinada los factores de prevenci&#243;n del sobrepeso y de la obesidad relacionados con un estilo de vida saludable&#46; El objetivo de este estudio es desarrollar y aplicar un sistema de evaluaci&#243;n combinada de las conductas de ejercicio f&#237;sico&#44; de alimentaci&#243;n y de las variables psicol&#243;gicas relacionadas con su adherencia&#46; El sistema se ha aplicado en j&#243;venes universitarias&#44; comparando los resultados en funci&#243;n de su nivel de pr&#225;ctica de ejercicio f&#237;sico&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"> M&#233;todo&#58; Treinta y ocho estudiantes universitarias &#40;edad media 22&#44;64 &#177; 2&#44;61 a&#241;os&#41;&#44; clasificadas en 3 grupos&#58; 12 deportistas&#44; 12 activas y 14 no activas&#46; Completaron una bater&#237;a de cuestionarios relativos a la pr&#225;ctica de ejercicio f&#237;sico&#44; h&#225;bitos de alimentaci&#243;n y aspectos psicol&#243;gicos relacionados con la adherencia&#46; Se tomaron sus medidas antropom&#233;tricas y se realizaron test de condici&#243;n f&#237;sica saludable&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"> Resultados&#58; El grupo de las deportistas present&#243; un mayor fuerza y resistencia muscular &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;003&#41;&#44; m&#225;s minutos de pr&#225;ctica de ejercicio previo &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;019&#41; y actual &#40;p &#62; 0&#44;001&#41; y un menor rol emocional &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;031&#41; respecto a los otros grupos&#46; Las motivaciones principales para todas las participantes fueron la salud&#44; la reducci&#243;n del estr&#233;s&#44; la diversi&#243;n y la mejora de la condici&#243;n f&#237;sica cardiorrespiratoria&#44; siendo esta &#250;ltima superior en las no activas &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;043&#41;&#46; La puntuaci&#243;n en las barreras fue mayor en las no activas&#44; siendo significativamente superior para la falta de voluntad para ser constante &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;001&#41; y la falta de tiempo &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;014&#41;&#46; No se encontraron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la dieta ni al estado de &#225;nimo&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"> Conclusi&#243;n&#58; El sistema de evaluaci&#243;n desarrollado y aplicado nos ha permitido obtener un enfoque hol&#237;stico de las participantes&#44; constatando un perfil claramente diferenciado en relaci&#243;ncon las variables relativas al ejercicio y a la condici&#243;n f&#237;sica&#44; pero en cambio no se ha observadouna relaci&#243;n tan clara con las variables relativas a la alimentaci&#243;n y al perfil psicol&#243;gico&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStylePara"> Introduction&#58; Obesity is a major health problem in developed countries&#46; The design of evaluation systems which allow the combined assessment of prevention factors of overweight andobesity related to a healthy lifestyle is necessary&#46; The aim of this study is to develop and implement a system of for the combined assessment of the physical exercise and diet behaviours&#44; andpsychological variables related to adherence&#46; The system has been applied in female universitystudents&#44; comparing results based on their level of physical exercise&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"> Method&#58; The study included 38 female university students &#40;22&#46;64 &#177; 2&#46;61&#41; years old&#44; classified into three groups&#58; 12 Athletes&#44; 12 Active women&#44; and 14 Non-Active women&#46; They completed a battery of questionnaires about physical exercise&#44; eating habits&#44; and psychological aspects related to adherence&#46; Their anthropometric measurements were recorded and they performedfitness tests&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"> Results&#58; The Athletes group showed greater muscular strength and endurance &#40;P &#61; &#46;003&#41;&#44; more minutes of previous exercise practice &#40;P &#61; &#46;019&#41; and current exercise practice &#40;P &#62; &#46;001&#41;&#44; and less emotional role &#40;P &#61; &#46;031&#41;&#44; compared to the other groups&#46; The main motivations for all participants were health&#44; stress reduction&#44; enjoyment&#44; and cardiorespiratory fitness improvement&#44; the latter being higher in the Non-Active group &#40;P &#61; &#46;043&#41;&#46; The barriers score was higher in the Non-Active group&#44; being significantly higher for the &#8216;&#8216;unwillingness to be constant&#8217;&#8217; &#40;P &#61; &#46;001&#41; and &#8216;&#8216;lack of time&#8217;&#8217; &#40;P &#61; &#46;014&#41;&#46; No significant differences in diet and mood states were found&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStylePara"> Conclusion&#58; The developed and implemented evaluation system allowed us to obtain a holistic approach to the participants&#44; noting a clearly differentiated profile in relation to variables for exercise and fitness&#44; although there was no clear relationship with variables relating to dietand psychological profile&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 18866581
Original language: English
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