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Vol. 46. Issue 170.
Pages 55-63 (April - June 2011)
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Vol. 46. Issue 170.
Pages 55-63 (April - June 2011)
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Ingesta nutricional dels jugadors adolescents de futbol d'elit a l'Argentina
Nutritional intake of adolescent elite soccer players in Argentina
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Francis Holwaya, Bibiana Biondib, Karen Cámerac, Fernando Gioiab
a Departamento de Medicina, Club Atlético River Plate, Buenos Aires, Argentina
b Departamento de Medicina, Club Atlético Huracán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
c Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Introducció i objectius

La ingesta nutricional del futbolista adolescent és important per garantir-ne el creixement i rendiment esportiu adequats. No hi ha unanimitat sobre les recomanacions nutricionals per a esportistes joves, donat que no existeixen dades sobre l’alimentació de jugadors juvenils argentins. El propòsit d’aquest estudi és descriure la ingesta nutricional de jugadors de divisions inferiors d’un club de futbol d’Argentina, establir-ne l’estat nutricional antropomètric i comparar les diferències entre esportistes i una mostra de no esportistes.

Mètodes

Es registraren les mesures antropomètriques i bioquímiques i es realitzaren enquestes nutricionals a 91 jugadors juvenils d’un club de futbol de Buenos Aires i a 198 adolescents del projecte Deporte Social.

Resultats

No es van trobar valors antropometriconutricionals anormals en els futbolistes, tot i que el 8,9% dels adolescents no esportistes tenia sobrepès. La ingesta energètica mitjana dels jugadors fou de 3.520 ± 961 kcal; amb aportació de 16 ± 3% de proteïnes, 51 ± 11% d’hidrats de carboni 31 ± 10% de lípids. L’energia fou proveïda per midons (33%), carn (17%), greixos (15%), làctics (12%), fruita i verdura (14%) i sucres (8%). Els jugadors menjaven més carn, làctics, fruita, verdura i greixos que els seus parells no esportistes, però menys midons i sucres (p < 0,05), i mostraren valors superiors d’hemoglobina i menors de colesterol (p < 0,05).

Conclusions

Els jugadors tenen un estat antropometriconutricional adequat i la ingesta nutricional és superior en proteïnes i lípids i inferior en hidrats de carboni a les recomanacions per a aquests esportistes adolescents. En comparació amb joves no esportistes, ingereixen aliments de millor qualitat nutritiva.

Palabras clave:
Esportistes adolescents
Antropometria
Composició corporal
Dieta
Introduction and objectives

The nutritional consumption of adolescent footballer is important to ensure growth and a suitable sports performance. Nutritional recommendations for young athletes are controversial, and there are no data on the diet of young Argentinian football players. The objective of this study is to describe the nutritional ingestion of footballer in the lower division of a football club in Argentina, to establish the nutritional-anthropometric status and compare the differences between athletes and non-athletes.

Methods

Anthropometric and biochemistry measurements were performed, and nutritional questionnaires were completed by 91 young football players of a Buenos Aires football club and in 198 adolescents in a Social Sport Project.

Results

No abnormal anthropometric-nutritional values were found in the footballer, although 8.9% of the non-athlete adolescents were overweight. The average energy ingested by the footballers was 3520 ± 961 Kcal; which included 16% ± 3 proteins, 51% ± 11 carbohydrates and 31% ± 10 lipids. The energy was provided by starches (33%), meat (17%), fats (15%), milk products (12%), fruit and vegetables (14%), and sugars (8%). The football players ate more meat, milk products, fruit, vegetables and fats than their non-athlete peers, although less starches and sugars (P < .05), and they had higher haemoglobin and lower cholesterol values (P < .05).

Conclusions

The footballers have an adequate anthropometric-nutritional status and nutritional ingestion is higher in proteins and lipids and lower in carbohydrates to those recommended for adolescent athletes. Compared to young non-athletes, they consume food of a better nutritional quality.

Keywords:
Adolescent athletes
Anthropometry
Body composition
Diet
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