Muscle strains are common in many types of sport if thebiomechanical load becomes higher than the tolerance of the muscle. This can occur either if the biomechanical load is too high or if the tolerance against the biomechanical load in the muscle is reduced. Prevention of muscle strains should focus on preparing the athletes for the biomechanical load required by the specific type of sport. Studies have shown that sport specific prevention programs aimed at improving training specificity and fatigue resistance reduce the rate of hamstring strains. Specific training as provided by the ¿Nordic hamstring lowers¿ has also been shown to reduce the incidence of hamstring strains. Improving lumbar and pelvic function in high speed movements could also be of importance and high quality rehabilitation after muscle strains might reduce the rate of recurrent injuries. In the field of preventing muscle strains more evidence is needed to find the optimal prevention measures. There is need for more, well-conducted research on injury prevention in different types of sport.